Merge pull request #502 from OlegHahm/boards_documentation_update

Boards documentation update
dev/timer
Oleg Hahm 10 years ago
commit e5d5289936

@ -1,454 +0,0 @@
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@ -1,6 +1,3 @@
Platform configurations for RIOT-OS
====================================
This repository contains existing configuration and initialization files for platforms supported by RIOT-OS.
RIOT's kernel, system libraries, and drivers can be found here:
https://github.com/RIOT-OS/RIOT
This directory contains existing configuration and initialization files for platforms supported by RIOT-OS.

@ -1,37 +1,165 @@
/*! \mainpage RIOT Documentation
*
* RIOT is an operating system for the Internet of Things based on a microkernel architecture.
* \section overview Overview
*
* \section first_sec First steps
*
* \subsection getting_sec Getting RIOT
*
* You can obtain the latest RIOT code from our [Github](https://github.com/) account. There are three repositories:
* - [RIOT](https://github.com/RIOT-OS/RIOT)\n
* This contains the kernel, support for different CPUs, device drivers, and system libraries.\n
* It also provides you with additional tools like a terminal program and scripts to setup a toolchain.\n
* This is the only repository you need to develop applications with RIOT.
* - [boards](https://github.com/RIOT-OS/boards)
* This repository contains configuration files and hardware initialization code for various supported hardware platforms.\n
* You need this code only if you want to use RIOT on one of these boards:
* -# [MSB-A2](http://www.mi.fu-berlin.de/inf/groups/ag-tech/projects/Z_Finished_Projects/ScatterWeb/modules/mod_MSB-A2.html)
* -# PTTU
* -# [MSB-430(H)](http://www.mi.fu-berlin.de/inf/groups/ag-tech/projects/Z_Finished_Projects/ScatterWeb/modules/mod_MSB-430H.html)
* -# [EZ430-Chronos](http://processors.wiki.ti.com/index.php/EZ430-Chronos)\n
* You will also need this code to run RIOT as a program on your development system.
* - [projects](https://github.com/RIOT-OS/projects)\n
* Contains some exemplary applications.\n
*
* \subsection compile_sec Compiling RIOT
*
* Depending on the hardware you want to use, you need to first install a corresponding toolchain. Instructions for the installation of the toolchain for an ARM7 based plaform in Ubuntu or Debian can be found at our [Wiki](https://github.com/RIOT-OS/boards/wiki/For-MSB-A2).\n
* Once you have set up the toolchain, you can create your own project. Apart from the C file(s) containing your source code you need a Makefile. A template Makefile is available in the `dist` folder of the [RIOT repository](https://github.com/RIOT-OS/RIOT).\n
* Within your project's Makefile, you can define the target hardware as well as the modules you want to use.\n
* Unless specified otherwise, make will create an elf-file as well as an Intel hex file in the `bin` folder of your project directory.
*
* \subsection native_sec Native RIOT - Run RIOT on your PC!
*
* As a special platform, you will find a CPU and board called `native` in the repository. This target allows you to run RIOT as a process on Linux on most supported hardware platforms. Just set CPU and BOARD to `native` in your project's Makefile, call `make`, and execute the resulting elf-file.
* RIOT is an operating system designed for the particular requirements of Internet
* of Things (IoT) scenarios. This requirements comprise a low memory footprint,
* high energy efficiency, real-time capabilities, a modular and configurable
* communication stack, and support for a wide range of low-power devices. RIOT
* provides a microkernel, utilities like cryptographic libraries, data structures
* (bloom filters, hash tables, priority queues), or a shell, different network
* stacks, and support for various microcontrollers, radio drivers, sensors, and
* configurations for entire platforms, e.g. TelosB or STM32 Discovery Boards.
*
* The microkernel itself comprises thread management, a priority-based scheduler,
* a powerful API for inter-process communication (IPC), a system timer, and
* mutexes.
*
* In order to build an application or library with RIOT, you need first to
* download the source code ([Getting the source
* code](https://github.com/RIOT-OS/RIOT/wiki/Introduction#getting-the-source-code)). This contains - besides the
* before mentioned features - also some example applications (located in the
* `examples` subdirectory) and a sample Makefile you may use for your own
* project. This Makefile template shows you how to compile and link your project
* against RIOT ([Compiling RIOT](https://github.com/RIOT-OS/RIOT/wiki/Introduction#compiling-riot)).
*
* If you want to use RIOT directly with your embedded platform, you need to
* install the corresponding toolchain for the deployed microcontroller ([ARM
* based platforms](https://github.com/RIOT-OS/RIOT/wiki/Introduction#platforms-based-on-arm), [TI MSP430 based
* platforms](https://github.com/RIOT-OS/RIOT/wiki/Introduction#platforms-based-on-ti-msp430)).
*
* ###Native RIOT - Run RIOT on your PC!
*
* As a special platform, you will find a CPU and board called `native` in the
* repository. This target allows you to run RIOT as a process on Linux on most
* supported hardware platforms. Just set CPU and BOARD to `native` in your
* project's Makefile, call `make`, and execute the resulting elf-file. Further
* documentation about the native port can be found in `cpu/native/README`.
*
* \subsection structure Structure
*
* The RIOT repository contains the following ten subdirectories:
* * boards
* * core
* * cpu
* * dist
* * doc
* * drivers
* * examples
* * pkg
* * sys
* * tests
*
* The `boards` directory provides the configurations and initialization code for
* supported IoT platforms. In `core` you can find the kernel, while `cpu`
* comprises microcontroller specific implementations like startup and exception
* handling code. The folder `dist` contains a template for an application's Makefile
* and external utilities like the terminal program `pyterm` or a script to build
* your own toolchain for ARM microcontrollers. Not very surprisingly you will find
* the (doxygen) documentation in `doc` and peripheral driver code in `drivers`.
* The `examples` folder provides some exemplary applications, `pkg` includes
* Makefiles to integrate external libraries into RIOT, and `sys` system libraries
* as well as the implementation of the network stacks which are located in
* `sys/net`. Finally, the subdirectory `tests` contains test applications,
* including also a few expect scripts to automatically validate some of them.
*
* \section features Special features
*
* ####The build system
*
* RIOT uses GNU make as build system. The simplest way to compile and link a
* project (application or library) with RIOT, is to set up a Makefile providing
* at least the following variables:
* * PROJECT
* * BOARD
* * RIOTBASE
*
* and an instruction to include the `Makefile.include`, located in RIOT's root
* folder. `PROJECT` should contain the (unique) name of your project, `BOARD`
* specifies the platform the project should be built for by default, and
* `RIOTBASE` specifies the path to your copy of the RIOT repository (note, that
* you may want to use `$(CURDIR)` here, to give a relative path). You can use Make's
* `?=` operator in order to allow overwriting variables from the command line. For
* example, you can easily specify the target platform, using the sample Makefile,
* by invoking make like this:
*
* ```
* make BOARD=telosb
* ```
*
* Besides typical targets like `clean`, `all`, or `doc`, RIOT provides the special
* targets `flash` and `term` to invoke the configured flashing and terminal tools
* for the specified platform. These targets use the variable `PORT` for the serial
* communication to the device. Neither this variable nor the targets `flash` and
* `term` are mandatory for the native port.
*
* Some RIOT folders contain special Makefiles like `Makefile.base`,
* `Makefile.include` or `Makefile.dep`. The first one can be included into other
* Makefiles to define some standard targets. The files called `Makefile.include`
* are used in `boards` and `cpu` to append target specific information to
* variables like `INCLUDES`, setting the include paths. `Makefile.dep` serves to
* define dependencies.
*
* ####Including modules
*
* By default a RIOT project comprises only the projects' code itself, the kernel,
* and platform specific code. In order to use additional modules, such as a
* particular device driver or a system library, you have to append the modules'
* names to the USEMODULE variable. For example, to build a project using the SHT11
* temperature sensor and 6LoWPAN network stack, your Makefile needs to contain
* these lines:
* ```
* USEMODULE += sht11
* USEMODULE += sixlowpan
* ```
* To contribute a new module to RIOT, your module's Makefile needs to set the
* variable `MODULE` to a unique name. If the module depends on other modules, this
* information needs to be added to RIOT's `Makefile.dep`.
*
* ####The main function
*
* After the board is initialized, RIOT starts two threads: the idle thread and the
* main thread. The idle thread has the lowest priority and will run, whenever no
* other thread is ready to run. It will automatically use the lowest possible
* power mode for the device. The main thread - configured with a default priority
* that is right in the middle between the lowest and the highest available
* priority - is the first thread that runs and calls the main function. This
* function needs to be defined by the project.
*
* ####The IPC
*
* Like any microkernel system, RIOT has an IPC API that enables data exchange
* between modules or a single module and the kernel. This API is documented in
* the [doxygen documentation](http://riot-os.org/api/). The IPC can be used in
* several ways, such as synchronous or asynchronous, blocking or non-blocking,
* with or without a message queue. In the default case, a thread does not have a
* message queue. Hence, messages sent in a non-blocking manner are lost, when the
* target thread is not in receive mode. A thread may set up a message queue using
* the [corresponding function](http://riot-os.org/api/group__kernel__msg.html),
* but has to provide the memory for this queue itself.
*
* ####Auto-init
*
* Most modules require initialization before they can be used. In some cases the
* initialization function does not require a parameter. For these modules you
* might use the auto-init feature by adding a line like
* ```
* USEMODULE += auto_init
* ```
* to your Makefile. Auto-init calls all module initialization functions with a
* `void` parameter just before the main thread gets executed.
*
* ####The transceiver module
*
* The transceiver module is an abstraction layer and multiplexer between the
* network stack and the radio driver. It runs in a single thread with the PID
* `transceiver_pid`. It provides an IPC interface that enables to configure and
* use available radio drivers, e.g. setting the radio channel or sending a packet.
* A thread may also register at the transceiver module, in order to get notified
* whenever a packet for a particular radio transceiver is received. The
* notification message contains a pointer to the packet struct. After processing
* the packet, the registered thread needs to decrease this struct's member
* `processing` which acts as a semaphore for the packet's memory buffer.
*
* \section info_sec Community
*

@ -1,148 +0,0 @@
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<title>Start the RIOT</title>
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<h1>Start the RIOT - Getting started with RIOT</h1>
<div id="toc">
<ol start="0">
<li><a href="#requirements" title="Required tools and libraries">Requirements</a></li>
<li><a href="#getcode" title="How to obtain RIOT">Get the source code</a></li>
<li><a href="#toolchains" title="How to install and configure the toolchains">Setup the toolchain</a></li>
<li><a href="#flasher" title="How to install a flasher">Setup a flashing tool</a></li>
<li><a href="#hello" title="Build and run the famous hello world program">Hello World!</a></li>
<li><a href="#firstapp" title="First Application">Write your first applicatoin</a></li>
</ol>
</div>
<h2 id="requirements">Requirements</h2>
<ul>
<li>Git (<a href="http://git-scm.com/" title="A distributed version control
system" target="_blank">http://git-scm.com/</a>)</li>
<li>Python (for the terminal script) (<a href="http://www.python.org/" title="Python Programming Language" target="_blank">http://www.python.org/</a>)</li>
<li>A toolchain (see <a href="#toolchains" title="How to install and configure
the toolchains">Setup the toolchain</a>)</li>
</ul>
<p>You may not to install additional packages for particular toolchains or flashing tools. For the MSB-A2 check the requirements in the <a href="https://github.com/RIOT-OS/boards/wiki/For-MSB-A2" title="MSB-A2 Toolchain Installation" target="_blank">Github Wiki</a>.</p>
<h2 id="getcode">Get the source code</h2>
<p>You can obtain RIOT either by cloning the git repositories or download the latest tarballs.</p>
<h3>Using the git repository</h3>
<p>In order to obtain RIOT from the official <a href="https://github.com/RIOT-OS/" title="RIOT at GitHub" target="_blank">GitHub</a> repositories, please perform the following commands:</p>
<h4>The kernel</h4>
<pre>
git clone git://github.com/RIOT-OS/RIOT.git
</pre>
<h4>The platform configurations</h4>
<pre>
git clone git://github.com/RIOT-OS/boards.git
</pre>
or
<pre>
git clone git://github.com/RIOT-OS/thirdparty_boards.git
git clone git://github.com/RIOT-OS/thirdparty_cpu.git
</pre>
<h4><em>Optional (recommended):</em> Examplary projects</h4>
<pre>
git clone git://github.com/RIOT-OS/projects.git
git submodule init
git submodule update
</pre>
<h3>Download the tarballs</h3>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://github.com/RIOT-OS/RIOT/archive/2013.08.tar.gz">tarball for RIOT 2013.08</a></li>
<li><a href="https://github.com/RIOT-OS/boards/archive/2013.08.tar.gz">tarball for boards 2013.08</a></li>
<li><a href="https://github.com/RIOT-OS/projects/archive/2013.08.tar.gz">tarball for projects 2013.08</a></li>
</ul>
<h2 id="toolchains">Setup the toolchain</h2>
<p>You can either build RIOT for one of the supported hardware platforms (check
our <a href="http://riot-os.org/new/#usage" title="RIOT usage"
target="_blank">website</a>) or try the native port. As a special platform,
you will find a CPU and board called <i>native</i> in the repository. This
target allows you to run RIOT as a process on Linux on most supported hardware
platforms. Just set <tt>CPU</tt> and <tt>BOARD</tt> to native in your
project's Makefile, call <tt>make</tt>, and execute the resulting elf-file.</p>
<h3>For ARM</h3>
<p>The recommended toolchain for RIOT on ARM is an older version (2008q3) of CodeBench (formerly CodeSourcery) from <a href="http://www.mentor.com/" title="Company Web Page">Mentor Graphics</a>. It can be obtained <a class="download" href="http://www.codesourcery.com/sgpp/lite/arm/portal/release642" title="CodeSourcery 2008q3">here</a>.</p>
<h4>Linux</h4>
<p>Direct links for Linux are </p>
<p class="download"><a href="http://www.codesourcery.com/sgpp/lite/arm/portal/package3688/public/arm-none-eabi/arm-2008q3-66-arm-none-eabi.bin" title="Installer for Linux version">http://www.codesourcery.com/.../arm-2008q3-66-arm-none-eabi.bin</a> (with installer)</p>
<p> or</p>
<p class="download"><a href="http://www.codesourcery.com/sgpp/lite/arm/portal/package3686/public/arm-none-eabi/arm-2008q3-66-arm-none-eabi-i686-pc-linux-gnu.tar.bz2" title="Binary archive for Linux">http://www.codesourcery.com/.../arm-2008q3-66-arm-none-eabi-i686-pc-linux-gnu.tar.bz2</a>.</p>
<p><em>Please note</em> that you will have to add the directory with executables (<tt>arm-none-eabi-gcc</tt>, <tt>arm-none-eabi-as</tt> etc.) to your <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PATH_(variable)" title="Wikipedia article about the PATH variable" target="_blank">PATH variable</a> in both cases.
On a typical shell like bash or zsh this can be done using export, e.g.</p>
<pre>
export PATH=${PATH}:/path/to/arm-none-eabi-gcc
</pre>
<h4>Windows</h4>
<p>The direct link for the Windows version is</p>
<p class="download"><a href="http://www.codesourcery.com/sgpp/lite/arm/portal/package3689/public/arm-none-eabi/arm-2008q3-66-arm-none-eabi.exe" title="Installer for Windows version">http://www.codesourcery.com/.../arm-2008q3-66-arm-none-eabi.exe</a>.</p>
<h4>Mac OS X</h4>
<p>There is a tutorial to install the CodeSourcery toolchain on Mac OS X: <a href="https://gist.github.com/errordeveloper/1854389" title="CodeSourcery ARM (2008q3) bare-metal toolchain on OS X">https://gist.github.com/errordeveloper/1854389</a>.</p>
<h4>Build the toolchain from sources</h4>
<p>There is also the possibility to build the toolchain from the sources, allowing for newer versions of GCC, binutils, and Newlib. A script to build a toolchain for the MSB-A2 is available in the RIOT git repository at <br>
<code>dist/tools/toolchains/build_gnuarm.sh</code>.</p>
<h3>For MSP430</h3>
<p>Download and install <a class="download" href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/mspgcc/"title="MSPGCC" target="_blank">GCC toolchain for MSP430</a> according to the information provided on the website.</p>
<h3>For the native port</h3>
<p>In order to build RIOT for the native port, you just need the <a class="download" href="http://gcc.gnu.org/" title="GCC, the GNU Compiler Collection" target="_blank">GNU
Compiler Collection</a>.</p>
<p>There is a <a href="https://raw.github.com/RIOT-OS/RIOT/master/cpu/native/README" title="README">README</a> that explains how to use natives network controller.</p>
<h2 id="flasher">Setup a flashing tool</h2>
<h3>For MSB-A2</h3>
<ul>
<li>Enter the <i>boards</i> directory and change to <i>msba2-common/tools</i>.</li>
<li>Call <tt>make</tt>.</li>
<li>Either run <tt>make install</tt> (you will need probably superuser
rights to do this, i.e. you could run <tt>sudo make install</tt>) or add
<i>boards/msba2-common/tools/bin/</i> to your <a
href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PATH_(variable)" title="Wikipedia article
about the PATH variable" target="_blank">PATH variable</a>.</li>
<li>Install the driver for the FTDI chip from
<a href="http://www.ftdichip.com/Drivers/VCP.htm" title="Virtual COM Port
Drivers" target="_blank">FTDI homepage</a>.</li>
</ul>
<h3>For MSB-430H</h3>
<p>Download and install <a class="download" href="http://mspdebug.sourceforge.net/download.html" title="Debugging and programming tool for MSP430 MCUs" target="_blank">MSPDebug</a> according to the information provided on the website. You can also use MSPDebug for debugging.</p>
<h3>For redbee-econotag</h3>
<p>Folow the instructions for <a href="http://mc1322x.devl.org/libmc1322x.html" title="LIBMC1322X"target="_blank">Getting Started with MC1322x</a>.
<!-- <h3>For STM32F4DISCOVERY</h3>
<p class="todo">TODO</p>-->
<h2 id="hello"><em>First test:</em> Hello World!</h2>
If you have obtained a copy of the projects repository, you can build the
famous <em>Hello World</em> application for RIOT.
<ul>
<li>Enter the <i>projects</i> directory and change to <tt>hello-world</tt>.</li>
<li>Edit the <tt>Makefile</tt> to set the variables <tt>RIOTBASE</tt> and
<tt>RIOTBOARD</tt> according to where your copies of the RIOT repositories are located.</li>
<li>Dependent on your target platform set the <tt>BOARD</tt> environment
variable and call <tt>make</tt>, e.g. <tt>BOARD=msb-430h make</tt>.</li>
<li>Now you program the resulting hex file on your target platform by calling
<tt>make flash</tt>.</li>
<li>Finally see the output of the application by running <tt>make term</tt>.</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="firstapp">Write your first application</h2>
<p>To write your own RIOT application, you just need a <tt>Makefile</tt> and C file(s)
containing your source code. A template Makefile is available in the dist
folder of the RIOT repository.</p>
<p>One of the C files has to provide a main function according to this
prototype:</p>
<pre>
int main(void);
</pre>
<p>Within your project's Makefile, you can define the modules you want to use.</p>
<p>Unless specified otherwise, make will create an
elf-file as well as an Intel hex file in the bin folder of your project
directory.
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